Tess Of DUrbervilles Key Points Essays - Lost Films,

Tess Of D'Urbervilles Key Points Tess of the d'Urbervilles Oral: Structure, point of view and narrative techniques in Tess of the d'Ubervilles. Ok well this isn't really an essay as such it's a an oral that I had to give on Tess, but still it took ages and I guess I could be kind of helpful. -veronica Narrative techniques - Chance and coincidence, symbolises the forces working against Tess. Coincidence as a means to an end - Irony- social laws brought into account with the natural law. Ironies are also paralleled by separate ironies throughout he novel. Irony is enforced by omens - Technical words, jargon to add authenticity (local farming terms, musical, artistic or architectural) - Classical allusions. - Folk-law and folk magic. - Seasonal background as an accompaniment to emotions - Uses the microcosmic (Tess) to demonstrate the general - Tess shown in relation to the work she does, Tess is a natural women compared to Mercy. - Relies on change of place and the idea of pilgrimage - Insight into character - Sharply drawn visual and sensory descriptions - Exploits contrast and comparison of place and character - Letters Structure - Title, division into phases - Coherence and real life timing in regard to the length of the phases - Realism is not impaired by the controlled structure because of the coherent but however not entirely coinciding events, such as her successive journeys home - Final chapter as demonstration of Hardy's complete control - No sub-plots - Hardy's fluctuating fatalistic and determinism. - Double meanings - Symbolism, Tess as an animal Point of View - Written in third person - Omniscient narrator. - Different stand points of narration, Narrative: distinguished from descriptions of qualities, states or situations and also from dramatic enactment of events. Narrative technique is the method of telling stories. Narrative technique is a broad term to describe anything Thomas Hardy does to communicate his message and ideas. Under this umbrella of narrative technique also fall such things as structure, style, point of view, imagery and so on. To understand many of the narrative techniques Hardy adopts we must have some understanding of his background, the audience and the times he was writing in and why he would have wanted to broach such controversial issues. Hardy was a poet, he intensely read and studied poetry and literature from his early twenties. Prose fiction was his temporary profession out of economic necessity. This serves to explain the symbolic, metaphoric, poetic nature of his writing and also the many references to Shakespeare, other literature and the bible. In order for Hardy to convey his ideas he had to not only consider the needs of his current audience but also pursing his greater literary and personal obligations. To do this he had to include his insights indirectly and evasively, adopting symbolic meanings that reached beyond the superficial social actions of the time. It is also important to note how the novel was released and the ?censoring? that was in place to control controversial or ?inappropriate? morals, values and issues. The serialized format of realize also contributed in a large way, somewhat dictating the story line and affecting the general lay out. This is evident when you notice that there are several series of rising action, climax and denouement, generally towards the end of phases. Examine the explanatory note to the first edition - ?form a true sequence of thing?, talks of the Victorian expectations of a true story. Possibly why Hardy paid such attention to the surroundings and the use of local terminology. - ?Piece the trunks and the limbs of the novel together? The effect of the serialization and censoring had on the novel. It is not in its true form until can be read completely and together. - Artistic form?in respect of the book's opinions and sentiments? Hardy struggling to be true to his greater literary and personal values and morals. He had to entertain his current audience but his language was used in such a way that the general story lines transcends the ages, and elevates it beyond the story. The quote he reflects on is obviously appropriate and intended to the orthodox Victorian expectations, ?If an offence come out of the truth, better is that the offence come than that the truth be concealed? St Jerome's. Letters ? - They provide a different insight into the characters: - Altered level of narrative - Different character voices come through - Direct insight Page 440 we see a letter to Angel from Tess, this hasty scrawl written

seven year war

seven year war 1College StudentProfessor StanekNovember 20, 2014History 107The Seven-year war known as the French and Indian war began when the French expanded to Ohio River and brought conflict to the British colonies. The British feeling that they were being threatened by the expansion of France they declared war against them that lasted seven years in which the name was adopted for the war. British was able to gain a lot after the war, they signed the treaty of "hubertusburg and Paris" in 1763 which British gained Spanish Florida and many more places which expanded them to be bigger. British was the winner in this war and was able to gain and prosper more than the French since they were defeated and had to move away from their lands. The reason behind the war was that British colonies wanted to take control of the fur trade and wanted to be the only ones getting the prosperity.This (attributed to ) originally appeared during t...The first several years of the war the British and American colonie s were actually very terrible for them, the French were taking control of some of the forts and they were getting more powerful, but then the cards flipped around the British and American colonies started to gain control of their forts and they fought back to be able to get back what they lost.The British and American colonies were starting to get more stable and secure by signing the treaty of Paris it gave them a security that they did not have to keep getting problems or sharing their crops and goods to them. The French were able to keep some sugar producing islands in the West Indies. England received Canada and other territories and the division between both was the Mississippi river that was the trade route that they...

Workforce Management of Singapore Airlines Essay

Workforce Management of Singapore Airlines - Essay Example The cabin crews in Singapore Airlines are recruited keeping in mind some basic objectives like not only being graciously presentable but also to reflect the feelings of warmth and friendliness. On the other hand, it also wanted to radiate a sense of authority and confidence in the pattern of their in-flight service. The recruitment function was carried along different ethnic groups from China, Malaysia, India and Eurasian communities. Cabin crews were recruited for both male and female within an age group of 20 to 25 years. The recruitment function contained stress and emotional interview rounds to judge the applicant’s ability to face such. Other parameters considered were communication, grace and posture and work experience. The need for a younger creed of cabin crew dismissed the recruitment of older people. This need to undergo a change for older crewmembers would mean less hassle in the functions of recruitment, selection, and training. Further, the taking of skilled and experienced new crewmembers also increased the chances of job-hopping by them. An interview conducted revealed that the crewmembers were not interested to suggest their brothers and sisters join Singapore Airlines for it did not provide a secured career.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The training program for the young recruits was an extensive one. It covered not only the theoretical base in providing guidelines on professional and personal etiquettes but also had a practical part. The practical training was imparted to make the recruits familiar with handling several amenities but also in the preparation and serving of beverages and dishes on board. Punctuality was taken as an integral factor in the program where a person thrice late was debarred from attending.

Memory Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Memory - Research Paper Example The explicit format of memory is more accessible because conscious and unconscious working of our mind is strongly co-related with our experience of the object reality where some sort of learning is involved. Our conscious mind understands and interprets the sensations according to the partial or total recall of the events. It is a fact that the mind is capable of retrieving images from recess even if no conscious effort was made to commit them to memory. Hence, it can be safely stated that even during the process of intentional recall of an image in some specific format, the mind can generate and explore various other properties of the same image. This type of memory is highly interactive and promotes long term learning. Whenever I go to the school playground, I am always reminded of football match which my team had won with a bang. This is a long term memory that is intrinsically linked with the physical competencies of the persons and is also called muscle memory. Procedural memory is associated with some definite voluntary or involuntary actions in some predefined format. In other words, with or without conscious effort, our memories are linked with some definite actions that are designed to rearrange the physical aspects of our surrounding through the movements of our body parts which is caused by the directives of the mind. Driving a bicycle or a car is a life long ability and one is able to retrieve its usage even after long time. This type of memory retains the procedures of various activities and therefore, it becomes easier for persons to do more than one work simultaneously. Students riding cycles are also able to converse freely because the memory has adjusted or defined its pathways to suit the physical activities. Emotions significantly impact memory and therefore, this type of memory takes precedence

Philosophy of Law Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Philosophy of Law - Research Paper Example Amongst them includes the Natural School of thinking, The positivist School of thinkinginter alia. This subject is a broad area of study and our discussion will be confined within the understanding, conceptualization, and comprehension of the Positive school of thinking under which Legal positivism being the theory, which was propagated by John Austin famously, referred to Austin’s Theory, was extracted. Austin’s theory commonly referred to as Legal Positivism revolves around the idea that law is what it is and not what it ought to be. As was contradistinguished with the idea drove forth by the Natural School of law thinkers who opined that law must reflect eternal principles of Justice and morality which they believed originated from a super natural power beyond human’s understanding but which dictated the lives of men and which existed independence of government recognition (Austin 40). Austin’s approach to Law offered the best-formulated alternative of both the natural school of law and utilitarian approaches, which were propagated by Bentham. He also advanced the idea that there should be a complete separation of between law and morality and that law should be developed towards maximization of utility or personal pleasure or pain. Consequently, wisdom of a guiding policy can be calculated by addition of all pleasures and subtraction of all pain brought to everyone. (Ibid) Austin’s theory of law is most often referred to as the â€Å"command theory of law† based on the fact that the concept of command lies at its core viz law is the command of the sovereign, backed by a threat of sanction in the event of non-compliance or disobedience aimed at undermining its dictates (Patterson 244-46). A proper case scenario includes the laws of a state orchestrated from which norms and policies of a state are debated and passed by the legislative arm of the government. Assented by the president as the head of the executive, the sa me becomes a law, which commands the activities of the national within their sovereignty (Petterson 244-46). If a tort feaser feasernegligently causes an injury to a complainant, then the claim against him will be made based on the law. In the cause of his engagement with the claimant, the tort feaser must have been alive to the requisite norm. Once you subject one to danger and the same consequently occurs the event that proceeds thereafter shall culminate to liability or remedy compensational by rules put forth in the statute, otherwise referred by Austin as sanctions of the state. The element of the breach originated from the actual conduct of the injury otherwise referred to as the actusreus is what dictates whether he is suppose to be held accountable or liable for the injury against a claimant. The same argument equally applies to the criminal case instance where once it is established that the element of both mensrea and actusreus exists then the accused person can be punishe d according to a source of law that is in existence with accordance to the law of that state. Legality according to Austin, on this basis, is determined by the source of a norm and not based on the merits of its substance. The answer to the question â€Å"what is law?† is therefore obtained vide resort to facts not value. According to John Austin, a rule R is legally valid in a society S if and only if R is commanded by the sovereign in S and is backed up with the threat of a

Impact of Stress on Health and Well-being of the Individual

Impact of Stress on Health and Well-being of the Individual The objective of this assignment is to define holistic and define stress, and discuss the impact of stress on the health and wellbeing of an individual. Firstly the writer will look at holistic approaches and define stress. The writer will also look at how stress effects the individually biologically, psychologically and sociologically. Finally the writer will discuss approaches to managing stress. The term â€Å"Holistic or Holism† derives from the Greek word meaning entire, whole, total. The Oxford Dictionary of Nursing (2014) defines â€Å"Holistic† as an approach to patient care in which the psychological, physiological and social factors of the patient’s condition are taken into account, rather than just the diagnosed disease. Holistic medicine is not a separate medical or treatment method, but it is an alternative philosophy regarding the approach to health. This holistic nursing approach originated in the United States of America and was formally introduced to the United Kingdom in 1977 and was seen as an alternative approach nursing rather than the traditional orientated task approach. Florence Nightingale herself encouraged holistic care; she recognised how important the environment and a multi directional approach was, rather than a one- dimensional therapy process. According to Dossey (2008) Health is a multifaceted complex concept, it relates to an individual’s well-being in a given environment, and is defined by pathology and the traditional biomedical health approach, holistic care looks at treating the underlying causes and not just the superficial ones. Barker (2004) also states the holistic model of care is widely accepted in the field of nursing, it favours a comprehensive in-depth assessment of entirety rather than the medical approach which just studies the disease in the patient. The holistic care approach takes into consideration all the persons individual psychological, sociological and mental health needs. Every man, women and child consists of a body and mind, and any changes in a person’s life will eventually cause changes in their existence. Aggleton and Chalmers (2000) describe holism as the fundamental wholeness of human beings. Hogston and Simpson (1999) define the holistic nursing process as a systematic problem solving framework that enables the nurse to plan care accordingly targeting the specific needs of the individual. The holistic approach has two focal factors. The first factor treats the individual as a separate entity, secondly the holistic approach analyses the psychosomatic approach of a disease and magnifies it by putting the patient in a specific time, along with their needs and quality of life. Alfaro-LeFevre (1998) described the holistic nursing process as a five stage framework comprising of: Assessment: to collect data regarding health status and monitor for evidence of health problems. Diagnosis: to identify actual and potential health issues. Planning: to determine therapeutic interventions and achievable goals. Implementation: to put plans into action and observe response. Evaluation: to assess the outcomes, to check if goals have been achieved or whether changes need to be made. A holistic approach to health makes prevention vitally important as finding a cure, this continuous model of care can extend over an individual’s life. The holistic approach drives to manipulate fundamental determinants of health that occur and this offers an upstream attack on threats to health. This may be the best approach and outcome in coping with the unhealthy lifestyles and the ageing and longevity of life in the population in the 21st century. These determinants contribute to a rise in stress, which can contribute to a rise in other diseases such as heart disease, cancer, stroke and other long standing mental health problems. The Oxford Dictionary of Nursing defines stress as â€Å"any factor that threatens the health of the body or has an adverse effect on its functioning, such as injury, disease, overwork, or worry. Constant stress brings about changes in the balance of hormones in the body. Selye (1976) describes stress as a unifying concept; it is a non-specific r esponse to a huge variety of stimuli. According to Edwards and Cooper (1988) stress should be discussed in terms of stimuli, responses and the relationship between them. Stress is actually part of modern life; at times it may become a useful tool and serve a purpose. Stress can motivate you for promotion at work, or push you to run that last mile of a marathon. Nevertheless if you lose control and dont get to grips with your stress, it can become a long-term problem and it can have a severe detrimental effect and interfere with your job, family life, and health. The causes of stress differ for every individual. Everyone has different stress triggers; we are open to various amounts of different stimuli. Beckwith (1996) states defining stress, its causes and symptoms are just as complicated. It is often characterized as a reaction to modern and social factors, stress is a disruption in an individual’s physiological and psychological homeostasis that force them to deviate from u sual functioning in interaction with their jobs and work environment. Stress is defined by Auerbach (1996) as a three way relationship between demands on a person, that person’s feelings about those demands and their ability to cope with those demands. Stress can effectively destroy the quality of life for the individual, his or her family and for society as a whole, it has become as dangerous as pollution to modern society Srivastava (1999). Some people thrive in the pressure cooker of life. Stress is a personalized experience and can vary extensively even in the same identical situation for different reasons. Some individuals can perform and complete many duties at the same time and have a list of things to do that would stretch and overpower most of us. Every individual has different stress triggers. How person A copes to how person B copes is completely different. A simple example of a daily stressor is the journey to work, college or school. Person A who is sitting in th e traffic, will sit and become very angry at the long delay, but Person B sitting in the next car accepts that there is lots of traffic and copes with the situation. The same stressor or stimuli, but two completely different reactions to the same situation. Stress level will differ based on your personality and how you respond to situations. The same situation can arise in any individuals life, whether it be moving to a new home, a heavy workload, too much responsibility, working long hours, studying for exams or simply leaving the house. Snyder, Lefcourt and Herbert (2001) state, Stress resides neither in the situation nor in the person, it depends on a transaction between the two. Barlow (2000) states suffering from stress, anxiety or phobias can disrupt daily routines, limit work efficiency, reduce self-esteem, and place a strain on relationships. Individuals will do whatever they can to avoid the uncomfortable and often-terrifying feelings of anxiety. Bourne (2011) supports Barl ow by stating people with specific phobias, or strong irrational fear reactions, work hard to avoid common places, situations, or objects even though they know theres no threat or danger. The fear may not make any sense, but they feel powerless to stop it. Specific phobias according to Sylver, Lilienfeld and Laprairie (2011) can cause stress, the threat of a terrorist attack, global warming, dogs, cats, bees, wasps, spiders, germs, heights, driving, public transport, flying, dental or medical procedures, and even elevators. People with phobias realize that their fear is irrational, and even thinking about it can often cause extreme anxiety. According to Beidel Turner (1998) while some phobias develop in childhood, most seem to arise unexpectedly, usually during adolescence or early adulthood. Their onset is usually sudden; you have no control over these events and they may occur in situations that previously did not cause any discomfort or anxiety. All of these factors can lead to stress. Stress is a worrisome illness. Stress has numerous faces, and sidles into our lives from many directions. No matter what the causes are, stress can put the body and mind under extreme pressure. Constant or chronic stress can have real physical effect on the body. It weakens the immune system, increasing the individual’s vulnerability. Stress engulfs the body and saturates it with stress hormones. The heart thumps, muscles tense, breathing quickens and the stomach churns. 1

Frederick Jackson Turner’s Reliance on the Myth of an Unoccupied Americ

The Frontier Thesis has been very influential in people’s understanding of American values, government and culture until fairly recently. Frederick Jackson Turner outlines the frontier thesis in his essay â€Å"The Significance of the Frontier in American History†. He argues that expansion of society at the frontier is what explains America’s individuality and ruggedness. Furthermore, he argues that the communitarian values experienced on the frontier carry over to America’s unique perspective on democracy. This idea has been pervasive in studies of American History until fairly recently when it has come under scrutiny for numerous reasons. In his essay â€Å"The Trouble with Wilderness; or, Getting Back to the Wrong Nature†, William Cronon argues that many scholars, Turner included, fall victim to the false notion that a pristine, untouched wilderness existed before European intervention. Turner’s argument does indeed rely on the ide a of pristine wilderness, especially because he fails to notice the serious impact that Native Americans had on the landscape of the Americas before Europeans set foot in America. Turner fails to realize the extent to which Native Americans existed in the ‘Wilderness’ of the Americas before the frontier began to advance. Turner’s thesis relies on the idea that â€Å"easterners †¦ in moving to the wild unsettled lands of the frontier, shed the trappings of civilization †¦ and by reinfused themselves with a vigor, an independence, and a creativity that the source of American democracy and national character.† (Cronon) While this idea seems like a satisfying theory of why Americans are unique, it relies on the notion that the Frontier was â€Å"an area of free land,† which is not the case, undermining the the... ...icans lived in and tamed the land around them millennia before European settlers arrived. Works Cited Cronon, William â€Å"The Trouble with Wilderness; or, Getting Back to the Wrong Nature† ed., Uncommon Ground: Rethinking the Human Place in Nature, New York: W. W. Norton & Co., 1995, 69-90 Denevan, William M. "The Pristine Myth: The Landscape of the Americas in 1492." The Pristine Myth: The Landscape of the. Northern Arizona University, Web. 25 Mar. 2014. Krech, Shepard. The Ecological Indian: Myth and History. New York: W.W. Norton &, 1999. Print. Solnit, Rebecca. "Spectators." Savage Dreams: A Journey into the Hidden Wars of the American West. San Francisco: Sierra Club, 1994. 228-47. Print. Turner, Frederick Jackson. "The Significance of the Frontier in American History," Learner: Primary Sources. Annenberg Learner, Web. 25 Mar. 2014.

Conflict Resolution Assignment

Finally they do the same job therefore there s a possibility of workplace competition causing conflict. Although the most obvious sign of the conflict is the argument between the colleagues there may have been signs before this. Unfortunately there is not enough background information given about the history, however it could be speculated that someone could have left the role before John and therefore was unhappy in their role and relationships at work. I would hope as a manager would have been able to identify and resolve this conflict before it got to this stage.However the role might also be new, if this is the case Mike eight be used to working on his own and therefore might feel he does not need any help. This could have included a meeting that turns into a stand- off or angry emails to each other. However due to Mikes personality the conflict could have been harder to discover – for example, Mike have withdrawn from contact with John however from John perspective this i s normal behavior from Mike. Any change from normal behavior could be a sign of conflict or an issue therefore would consider this as a sign.Sign of conflict ;When John finally appears, Mike tells him he's not going to cover for IM anymore and there is an argument. The cost of this conflict might already be taking place through a loss of productively, motivation and them not willing to work for each other. John stating ‘Just do your Job' could be a sign this is already hipping. Dealing with employee conflict in a timely manner is important to maintaining a healthy work environment preventing the situation getting worse resulting in staff sickness or even one member of staff leaving.By spotting signs of conflict early, you have a better chance of identifying the cause, reaching an agreement, resolving the conflict. It is important to deal with the situation rather than the person, be a calming presence and that you try to build mutual respect and understanding between Mike and John. Being courteous to each of them and remain constructive. Sometimes it might be better to speak to them individually to get the facts before exploring the options together and negotiate how they are to work together.Through this process active listening is important to understand both Johns and Mikes position as well as them understanding each others. My role would be to Restate, paraphrase, summarize. This verbal approach is called the â€Å"Interest-Based Relational (FIR) Approach†. This will be particularly important in John and Mike's situation because it respects individual differences and focuses on the mutual problem rather than the person. It is important look at the circumstances, and think about the style that may be appropriate.Then use a process to resolve the conflict. The Thomas-Killing Conflict Resolution model could be used to do this. It is important understand a person's natural style. From the information in the narrative John is likely to take a compe ting approach this is assertive and uncooperative an individual pursues his own concerns at the other person's expense. This approach is unlikely to be effective for John to use because it is a power-oriented mode where John holds no rank. However it is an approach that could take as a middle manager with supervision responsibilities.This is not an approach I would initially take, but could do if other methods fail. The other approach could be to be accommodating, the individual neglects his own concerns to satisfy the concerns of the other person. If any of the party did this it is not likely to resolve the issue. The accommodating party might feel the situation has not been dealt with and the conflict still remain. Mike had been Avoiding the issue for a while which had caused anger to build up and the argument to erupt.If took the same approach due to the differences in value and personalities they are not likely to resolve the issue themselves and the problem is not likely to go away. A more appropriate approach might be to collaborate to work with others to find a solution that fully satisfies their concerns. For example Fijian arrives late John might agree to stay on later. The final option could be to compromise. For example an agreement might be made where John arriving 5 minutes late is not an issue, but John might agree not to arrive 20 minutes late.Thus finding a middle ground. Having an open discussion with Mike and John might help identify other problems that need to be resolved, but also promote understanding and motivate them to work more efficiently. It is important to keep a close eye on the situation including having formal one to one meetings, receiving feedback from other employees, but also ensuing they value each other's difference to the extent they can work with each other threaten to improve the work environment and the performance of the business.

Elecriccity and Magnatism Essay

A hostile takeover defense wherein the target firm makes its stock less attractive to a potential acquirer is called Choose one answer. | a. a standstill agreement. | | | b. greenmail. | | | c. a poison pill. | | | d. crossing the palm with silver. | | Question 38 Marks: 1 Compared to managers, shareholders prefer Choose one answer. | a. riskier strategies with greater diversification for the firm. | | | b. riskier strategies with more focused diversification for the firm. | | | c. safer strategies with more focused diversification for the firm. | | | d. afer strategies with greater diversification for the firm. | | The Enron employee who reported the financial manipulations at the company to her superiors can be considered to have engaged in Choose one answer. | a. an act of courage. | | | b. white-collar crime. | | | c. vindictive disloyalty. | | | d. managerial opportunism. | | Question 40 Marks: 1 The longer the focus of managerial incentive compensation, the greater the ____ top -level managers. Choose one answer. | a. earnings potential for | | | b. incentives for | | | c. potential tax burden for | | | d. risks borne by | | Marks: 1 The choices that a firm has for entering the international market include all of the following EXCEPT Choose one answer. | a. acquisition. | | | b. leasing. | | | c. exporting. | | | d. licensing. | | Question 36 Marks: 1 There are few true mergers because Choose one answer. | a. few firms have complementary resources. | | | b. of managerial resistance. True mergers result in significant managerial-level layoffs. | | | c. integration problems are more severe than in outright acquisitions. | | | d. one firm usually dominates in terms of market share, size, or value of assets. | | Market power is derived primarily from the Choose one answer. | a. size of a firm and its resources and capabilities. | | | b. core competencies of the firm. | | | c. depth of a firm strategy. | | | d. quality of a firm top management team. | | Question 34 Marks: 1 The use or application of entrepreneurship within an established firm is called Choose one answer. | a. transformational leadership. | | | b. corporate entrepreneurship. | | | c. corporate emergence. | | | d. exceptional R&D. | | Four perspectives are integrated to form the balanced scorecard framework. The financial perspective focuses on the view of the firm by the Choose one answer. | a. employee. | | b. general society. | | | c. customer. | | | d. shareholder. | | Question 32 Marks: 1 Managers may decide to invest ____ in products that are not associated with the firm’s current lines of business to increase the firm’s level of diversification and decrease their employment risk. Choose one answer. | a. free cash flows | | | b. unsubstantial pro fits | | | c. marginal profits | | | d. frozen assets | | An international diversification strategy is one in which a firm Choose one answer. | a. acquires a firm in a foreign country | | | b. expands into a potentially large number of geographic locations and markets | | | c. xpands into one or a few markets | | | d. expands into nearby markets | | Question 30 Marks: 1 Firms needing to change their strategies should Choose one answer. | a. emphasize the training and development of internal managerial talent. | | | b. implement transformational leadership. | | | c. focus on their core customer base. | | | d. create more heterogeneous top management teams. | | The primary responsibility for effective strategic leadership of the organization rests with the Choose one answer. | a. top management team. | | | b. stakeholders. | | | c. CEO. | | | d. board of directors. | | Question 28 Marks: 1

Ergot essays

Ergot essays Ergot and its disease ergotism have been a worldwide plague to humans ever since humans have started to harvest and cultivate grains in all their forms. Although outbreaks of ergotism still occur periodically they have all but become nonexistent in the modern era. Ergot has had beneficial effects as well. Ergot has produced medicines, which are vital to the medicine world. Ergot has produced in the world's eyes an ugly stepsister to its medicines: LSD. D-lysergic acid diethylamide known to the world as LSD is a derivative of ergot. Ergot has had a far and wide-ranging impact on man unrealized by most people. Ergot fungi are molds that infect rye and other cereals and wild grasses (Microsoft Encarta 1999). The scientific name of the most prevalent form of ergot is Claviceps Purpurea. When wind-tossed spores of ergot land on a healthy stigma of grains or grasses they enter, as does pollen, into the ovary and begin to form a fine mycelial network (Salvador and Kolla 1). The mycelia network commonly called honeydew begins forming asexually produced spores, which are called conidiospores (Walker 546). The honeydew is a sugary-like thing which attract insects who feed on the sugary substance and they in turn carry spores which get stuck to their legs to healthy plants and in turn infect those plants (Salvador and Kolla 1). The mycelial network deep inside the ovary eventually kills the ovary and forms a dense hard structure called a sclerotium. The honeydew is not responsible for the production of the toxic chemicals, which in their own turn causes the disease known as ergotism. Ergotism is a complex disease that results from the ingestion of grains and cereals infected with ergot by humans and domestic animals (Salvador and Kolla 1). This disease was common among people who ate bread made from rye grain that contained ergot sclerotia (Ammirati 349). During the Middle Ages ergotism was commonly referred to as St. Anthony'...

Why are there different perspectives on change within organisations Essay - 1

Why are there different perspectives on change within organisations Consider your answer in relation to both theory and practice and with an attention to value(s) and valorisation - Essay Example Organizational change is at the heart of contemporary organization research. Numerous theories were developed, to ensure smooth and efficient implementation of organizational change frameworks. It is unequivocally acknowledged that leaders and managers view organizational change in entirely different ways. More important is the complexity of governmental change and change management. Apparently, there is a need to explore the relevance of multiple organizational change perspectives in more detail. The following research accentuates that organizational change is the concept with no clear boundaries and draws on a number of traditions and social science disciplines (Hughes 2006). The complexity in organizational change phenomenon justifies the presence of multiple transformation management perspectives. Organizational change is interpreted in a number of ways. Numerous literatures exist on the various perspectives on organizational change and change management. The organizational change process is extremely complex. Generally, organizations apply to change, with the goal to transform and, consequentially, adapt to environmental changes (Stacey 1995, p. 477-478). Organizational change is always rational and intentional (Stacey 1995, p. 478). Most organization suppositions explicate and confirm the variability of organizational characteristics (Hannan & Freeman 1994, p. 149). The multitude of organizational change perspectives can be interpreted from a number of viewpoints. The causes and anticipated consequences of organizational change greatly affect organization attitudes to change. Environmental variables and the disciplines on which organizational change frameworks build matter a lot. The issue in question should be interpreted through the prism of the organizations’ values, missions, and performance principles. All these factors warrant examination and have to be considered in more

There are 3 options and the writer can choose 1 to write on Essay

There are 3 options and the writer can choose 1 to write on - Essay Example In the event that social inclusion refers to the obligation of all members of the society to include individuals secluded by society based on bias or unjustified reasons, then preventing the birth of people with individuals via genetic intervention cannot be justified. The paper holds that preventing the birth of individuals with disabilities within the present social system is immoral and exclusive of people with disabilities. From Chance to Choice Introduction One of the dominant ways in which the human condition could be altered is through the enhancement of fundamental human capacities. If one of the partners carries a version of a gene that could prejudice the offspring to inherit conditions that they want to avert, then gene manipulation may appear a viable way to safeguard the undesired outcome. Disability represents a physical or mental condition that individuals have a powerful preference not to be, which in some sense can be considered as a â€Å"harmed condition.† T his elevates the significance of probing the normative questions raised by such prospects (Robertson,1996. Background In the article titled â€Å"from Chance to Choice,† Buchanan et al. ... The prediction on whether support will reduce as science reduces the occurrence of genetic diseases is much less reasonable today, than it would have been two decades ago. This disregards the possibility that those who may not be disabled can possess legitimate interests in minimizing the rate of disabilities (Buchanan, Brock, Daniels, & Wilker, 2000). The interest that individuals have in not having disabilities can be regarded as morally legitimate; however, in some instances, the interest may be irrelevant since the disability can be averted only by safeguarding the existence of the individual who might be born with the disability. The incidence of genetically based diseases may be minimized devoid of preventing the birth of individuals who might have disabilities. Hence, argument on the loss of support must be rejected as it fails to award any weight to the legitimate interests that individuals possess in averting disabilities. Buchanan et al. (2000) makes a distinction between b eing harmed and being wrongly harmed. Furthermore, the loss of support argument is exclusionary, which render it flawed since it considers only a section of legitimate interest at stake and award no weight to the legitimate interests that individuals have in not having disabilities (Sherlock & Morrey, 2002). Discussion I agree with the presented notion that utilizing germ line choice to eliminate disabilities is immoral and harmful. Overall, there exists an inherent ethical objection to the pursuit of altering genes of future generations given that such an action cannot be labelled as a â€Å"therapy† of a set future offspring, but rather relies on a â€Å"eugenic† judgement on the worthiness of